Germany: A Guide to Its Political Landscape
Historical Overview
Germany has a rich and complex political history, shaped by significant events such as the division into East and West Germany during the Cold War and the eventual reunification in 1990.
Federal Structure
Germany is a federal republic consisting of 16 states, each with its own government and parliament. The federal government is primarily responsible for foreign affairs, defense, and economic policy.
Parliamentary System
Germany's parliamentary system features a bicameral legislature: the Bundestag (lower house) and the Bundesrat (upper house). The Bundestag is responsible for passing laws and approving the federal budget.
Head of State and Government
The President of Germany serves as the federal head of state, while the Chancellor serves as the head of government. The Chancellor is the leader of the largest party or coalition in the Bundestag.
Political Parties
Germany has a multi-party system with several major political parties, including the Social Democratic Party (SPD), the Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union (CDU/CSU), and the Alternative for Germany (AfD).
International Relations
Germany is an active member of the European Union, NATO, and the United Nations. It plays a prominent role in global diplomacy and economic cooperation.
Resources for Further Information
- Homepage of the German Bundestag
- Office of the President of Germany
- Federal Agency for Civic Education
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